ANALISI TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PETANI PADA USAHATANI NILAM DI DESA WARAMBE KECAMATAN PARIGI KABUPATEN MUNA
Main Article Content
Abstract
Farmers' knowledge is a crucial factor influencing the successful implementation of patchouli cultivation practices, as it determines their ability to make appropriate decisions throughout the farming process. Limited technical knowledge may lead to suboptimal cultivation practices, thereby reducing productivity and the quality of patchouli essential oil. In Warambe Village, Parigi District, Muna Regency, patchouli has become the primary agricultural commodity; however, cultivation practices remain largely based on inherited farming experience rather than technical recommendations. This study aimed to analyze farmers' knowledge of patchouli cultivation using the cognitive dimensions proposed by Anderson and Krathwohl, namely remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, and evaluating. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, and the study was conducted from January to March 2026 in Warambe Village, Parigi District, Muna Regency. Informants were selected using the snowball sampling technique, involving patchouli farmers, agricultural extension officers, and farmer group leaders. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using the interactive analysis model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings revealed that farmers' knowledge had developed across all stages of patchouli cultivation, including land preparation, seedling propagation, planting, fertilization, crop maintenance, harvesting, and post-harvest handling. Farmers demonstrated strong competencies in remembering, understanding, and applying cultivation practices, primarily supported by long-standing farming experience and intergenerational knowledge transfer. However, their abilities to analyze and evaluate cultivation practices remained relatively limited because farming decisions were predominantly based on empirical experience, local traditions, and peer learning rather than technical recommendations or scientific evidence. Consequently, the adoption of improved cultivation innovations, particularly in land management, propagation, fertilization, harvesting, and post-harvest management, has not yet been fully optimized. The study concludes that strengthening farmers' capacity through agricultural extension programs emphasizing analytical and evaluative thinking is essential to enhance the adoption of cultivation innovations, improve patchouli productivity and essential oil quality, and promote the sustainability of patchouli farming systems.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives: complete edition. Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Ariantini, M. S., Belferik, R., Sari, O. H., Munizu, M., Ginting, E. F., & Mardeni, M. (2023). Sistem Pendukung Keputusan: Konsep, Metode, dan Implementasi. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Boufakar, S., Riry, J., & Leuwol, F. S. (2026). Strategi Pengelolaan Lahan Pertanian untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Tanaman di Desa Kufar Kecamatan Tutuk Tolu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur. JENDELA PENGETAHUAN, 19(1), 132-146.
Budiawan, I., Haryana, R. S., Azizah, P. R. N., Rakotoarisoa, S. R., Al Khusna, L., Jannah, N. M., Kamaratih, A. A., Sugiharto, A., & Harismah, K. (2024). Minyak nilam sebagai bahan pembuatan parfum. Prosiding Simposium Nasional Rekayasa Aplikasi Perancangan dan Industri, 62-69.
Burhanuddin, B., & Zulkarnain, Z. (2019). Efek Dosis Dan Frekuensi Pemberian Pupuk Daun Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Nilam Pada Tanah Ultisol. Menara Ilmu: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah, 13(7).
Darsini, D., Fahrurrozi, F., & Cahyono, E. A. (2019). Pengetahuan; artikel review. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(1), 13-13.
Daud, M., Hikmah, H., & Hendri, H. (2019). Produksi Dan Rendemen Pengolahan Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Dari Hutan Rakyat Di Desa Bone-Bone Kecamatan Baraka, Kabupaten Enrekang. Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Bonita, 1(1), 9-15. https://doi.org/10.55285/bonita.v1i1.205
Djadi, K., Larekeng, Y., & Setiawan, W. (2021). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan konsentrasi pupuk cair supratan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian, 1(3), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.52045/jimfp.v1i3.218
Harahap, A. A., Tambun, I. F., Siregar, F. P., Al-Syafiq, M. Z., & Arika, T. D. (2025). Analisa Faktor yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Keputusan Petani dalam Diversifikasi Usaha Tani. AGRORADIX: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 8(2), 112-120. https://doi.org/10.52166/agroteknologi.v8i2.9461
Harianti, F., Ridla, M., & Abdullah, L. (2023). Pertumbuhan dan produksi hijauan rumput gajah Pakchong panen pertama pada pemberian dosis pupuk dan umur potong berbeda. Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan, 21(2), 68-74.
Harli, H. (2017). Identifikasi dan Potensi Perluasan Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) di Bawah Tegakan Kakao di Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. AGROVITAL: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 1(1), 21-26.
Haryani, S., Astuti, A. P., & Minardo, J. (2021). Pengetahuan dan perilaku mencuci tangan pada siswa smk sebagai upaya pencegahan covid-19. Jurnal Keperawatan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Cendekia Utama, 10(1), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.31596/jcu.v10i1.705
Hasan, A., Solih, S., Rahmadi, B., Nasution, M., Afriani, A., Rao, S. H., & Adhli, A. (2024). Optimalisasi Budidaya Tanaman Nilam untuk Penguatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Sigocar. AKSI NYATA: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 1(1)), 82-91.
Izzati, R. (2025). Peningkatan Kapasitas Petani Nilam Dalam Pembibitan Melalui Kegiatan Pengabdian Di Desa Teuladan, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Multidisiplin, 9(1), 42-49. https://doi.org/10.36341/jpm.v9i1.6749
Judijanto, L., Wibowo, G. A., Karimuddin, K., Samsuddin, H., Patahuddin, A., Anggraeni, A. F., Raharjo, R., & Simorangkir, F. M. A. (2024). Research design: Pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia.
Khadafi, M., Iswahyudi, I., & Mardiyah, A. (2025). Pengaruh Varietas Dan Dosis Pupuk N Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth). Jurnal Penelitian Agrosamudra, 12(1), 34-43.
Mahdin, M., Nikoyan, A., & Jayadisastra, Y. (2024). Tingkat Pengetahuan Petani Dalam Kegiatan Budidaya Tanaman Jagung Manis Di Desa Amesiu Kecamatan Pondidaha Kabupaten Konawe. Jurnal Ilmiah Penyuluhan dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, 4(1), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.56189/jippm.v4i1.6
Maryani, A. T., & Hermawati, T. (2019, November). Pengaruh Umur Tanaman Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kualitas Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Nilam (pogostemon cablin benth.) Dibawah Tegakan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit. In Seminar Nasional Pembangunan Pertanian Berkelanjutan Berbasis Sumber Daya Lokal (pp. 53-62).
Mawarti, T., Lestari, T., & Apriyadi, R. (2020). Pemanfaatan lahan pasca tambang timah dengan budidaya nilam dengan beberapa amelioran. In Proceedings of National Colloquium Research And Community Service (Vol. 4).
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldaña, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
Mulyawanti, I., & Suryana, E. A. (2024). Strategi pengurangan kehilangan pascapanen produk hortikultura. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 22(2), 183-194. https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v22i2.183-194
Putri, M. G., Sirma, I. N., & Bernadina, L. (2020). Manajemen Usahatani Terung Ungu di Kelurahan Tuatuka Kecamatan Kupang Timur Kabupaten Kupang. Jurnal Excellentia, 9(01), 50-57.
Rahman, A., Rudi, L., & Wati, M. E. (2019). Analisis Kualitas Minyak Nilam Asal Kolaka Utara Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan dan Mengembangkan Potensi Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon sp.) di Sulawesi Tenggara. Akta Kimia Indonesia, 4(2), 133-144.
Safrizal, S., Usnawiyah, U., Latifah, L., Fridayanti, N., Yurni, I., & Mauliza, R. (2023). Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Fosfat dan Mikoriza Arbuskula pada Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agroekoteknologi, 2(3), 57-60.
Salsabila, S., Mulyani, C., & Iswahyudi, I. (2025). Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Tanaman Nilam di Desa Pantai Tinjau Kecamatan Sekerak Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Journal Galung Tropika, 14(1), 131-143. https://doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v14i1.1266
Saputra, M. F., Adyatma, S., & Arisanty, D. (2021). Evaluasi kesesuaian lahan untuk tanaman durian menggunakan metode matching. Jambura Geoscience Review, 3(1), 18-31. https://doi.org/10.34312/jgeosrev.v3i1.5652
Sasmita, A., Hemon, T., Zulfikar, Z., Leomo, S., Erawan, D., & Rustam, L. O. (2023). Hubungan Antara Beberapa Karakteristik Fisika Tanah Dengan Produksi Nilam Di Kecamatan Wolasi Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 2(02), 71-81. https://doi.org/10.53863/agronu.v2i02.716
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kulitatif Dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tudu, R. A., Yatim, H., & Sataral, M. (2021). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Npk Cair Dan Jumlah Ruas Stek Pucuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Fakultas Pertanian, 1(1), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.52045/jimfp.v1i1.57
Wijaya, G. C., Ariyanto, A., Dahliana, A. B., & Suwandi, S. (2024). Dinamika Pertanian Berkelanjutan: Inovasi dan Kolaborasi untuk Kesejahteraan Petani. CV Eureka Media Aksara.
Wijayanto, H. W., Anantayu, S., & Wibowo, A. (2021). Perilaku dalam pengelolaan lahan pertanian di kawasan konservasi daerah aliran sungai (DAS) hulu Kabupaten Karanganyar. AgriHumanis, 2(1), 25-34.
Yakup, Y., Sitepu, I., Viona, N. A., Amelia, D., & Haryani, S. (2025). Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Nilam (Pogestemon cablint Benth) pada Berbagai Takaran Pupuk Organik dan Jarak Tanam. In Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal (Vol. 13, No. 1).