ANALISIS KAPASITAS PETANI DALAM KEGIATAN BUDIDAYA USAHATANI PADI SAWAH: PENDEKATAN PENGETAHUAN DAN KETERAMPILAN DI KELURAHAN TAUBONTO KABUPATEN BOMBANA
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Abstract
Farmer capacity is one of the key factors determining the success of lowland rice farming cultivation, as it reflects farmers' ability to understand, implement, and develop cultivation practices in accordance with advances in agricultural technology. Although various cultivation innovations have been introduced through agricultural extension programs, the adoption of these technologies at the farm level remains heterogeneous due to differences in farmers' knowledge and skills. This study aimed to analyze farmers' capacity in lowland rice cultivation through knowledge and skills approaches in Taubonto Village, Rarowatu District, Bombana Regency. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed. The study involved 14 informants, consisting of four farmer group leaders, eight farmers, and two agricultural extension officers, who were selected using purposive sampling and subsequently expanded through snowball sampling. The research focused on farmers' capacity in lowland rice cultivation. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using an interactive model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings revealed that farmers' capacity was generally categorized as good. From the knowledge perspective, farmers were able to recall land preparation procedures, understand the application of the direct seeding system (Tabela), apply planting techniques according to recommended procedures, analyze the effectiveness of crop maintenance practices based on field conditions, and evaluate harvesting performance in terms of yield quality and quantity. From the skills perspective, farmers demonstrated the ability to imitate appropriate cultivation techniques, consistently perform seed treatment before planting, proficiently implement planting practices, adjust crop maintenance activities according to field conditions, and develop more effective harvesting strategies based on practical experience. The integration of knowledge and skills contributes to strengthening farmers' capacity, thereby supporting effective, adaptive, and sustainable lowland rice cultivation. Therefore, farmer capacity should be continuously enhanced through agricultural extension services, technical training, and continuous assistance aimed at improving farmers' competencies throughout every stage of lowland rice cultivation.
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